政府类话题的核心就是一个问题：政府该管什么？不该管什么？
不管题目怎么变，万变不离其宗。掌握了下面这些词汇，政府类题目你就稳了。
| 英文表达 | 中文 | 造句示例 |
|---|
| fulfil one's responsibility | 履行职责 | "It is the government's duty to fulfil its responsibility to citizens." |
| provide financial assistance | 提供经济援助 | "The government should provide financial assistance to low-income families." |
| allocate budget/resources to | 为...拨款/分配资源 | "More resources should be allocated to public healthcare." |
| ensure universal access to | 确保人人都能获得 | "Policies should ensure universal access to quality education." |
| bridge/narrow the gap between | 缩小...之间的差距 | "Public services help bridge the gap between rich and poor." |
| 词汇 | 含义 | 范文原句 |
|---|
| targeted financial support | 针对性的经济支持 | A more balanced approach would be to provide targeted financial support—scholarships, grants, and subsidised loans. 📖 01 大学教育应该免费吗 |
| social mobility | 社会流动性 | Free education could enhance social mobility. 📖 |
| level the playing field | 创造公平竞争环境 | Education policies should level the playing field. 📖 |
| based on merit rather than wealth | 基于能力而非财富 | Access should be based on merit rather than wealth. 📖 |
| 英文表达 | 中文 | 用法 |
|---|
| infrastructure development | 基础设施建设 | "Infrastructure development is essential for economic growth." |
| public facilities | 公共设施 | 包括医院、学校、图书馆等 |
| public transport | 公共交通 | "Investing in public transport reduces traffic congestion." |
| long-term investment | 长期投资 | "Building railways is a long-term investment that benefits future generations." |
| 英文表达 | 中文 | 用法 |
|---|
| social security/welfare | 社会保障/福利 | "A comprehensive social security system protects the vulnerable." |
| state pension | 国家养老金 | "Many elderly people rely on state pensions." |
| unemployment insurance | 失业保险 | "Unemployment insurance provides a safety net for job seekers." |
| alleviate/mitigate poverty | 减轻贫困 | "Government programs can alleviate poverty in rural areas." |
| 英文表达 | 中文 | 什么时候用？ |
|---|
| regulate and oversee | 监管和监督 | 论证某领域需要政府管理 |
| impose restrictions on | 对...施加限制 | "The government should impose restrictions on junk food advertising." |
| protect public interest | 保护公共利益 | "Regulations are necessary to protect public interest." |
| maintain law and order | 维护法律和秩序 | 论证政府基本职能 |
| be in line with general interests | 符合公众利益 | "This policy is in line with general interests." |
| 词汇 | 含义 | 范文原句 |
|---|
| systemic nature | 系统性本质 | Problems like climate change have a systemic nature that only governments can address. 📖 06 环保责任属于政府还是个人 |
| demonstrable public harm | 可证明的公共危害 | When advertising causes demonstrable public harm, government regulation is legitimate. 📖 14 政府是否应该限制垃圾食品广告 |
| top-down framework | 自上而下的框架 | Without this top-down framework, individual efforts remain scattered. 📖 |
| coordinate international agreements | 协调国际协议 | Only governments can coordinate international agreements. 📖 |
| 英文表达 | 中文 | 什么时候用？ |
|---|
| respect personal choice | 尊重个人选择 | 论证政府不应管太多 |
| government intervention | 政府干预 | 中性词，但常用于批评语境 |
| infringe personal freedom | 侵犯个人自由 | "Excessive regulations infringe personal freedom." |
| invade people's privacy | 侵犯隐私 | 讨论监控、数据收集等 |
| nanny state | 保姆国家 | 批评政府管太多的说法 |
| by persuasion rather than compulsion | 通过劝导而非强制 | "Behavior change is best achieved by persuasion rather than compulsion." |
| 词汇 | 含义 | 范文原句 |
|---|
| government overreach | 政府越权 | Blanket bans raise questions about government overreach. 📖 14 政府是否应该限制垃圾食品广告 |
| blanket prohibition | 一刀切的禁令 | A blanket prohibition would disproportionately affect vulnerable groups. 📖 07 应该禁止市中心私人汽车吗 |
| disproportionately affect | 不成比例地影响 | Such policies disproportionately affect those who cannot easily adapt. 📖 |
| one-size-fits-all solutions | 一刀切的解决方案 | Good policy should not impose one-size-fits-all solutions. 📖 |
| 英文表达 | 中文 | 用法提示 |
|---|
| government spending/expenditure | 政府支出 | 中性词，单纯描述花钱 |
| a waste of public money | 浪费公共资金 | 负面评价，批评某项支出 |
| limited budget | 有限的预算 | "With a limited budget, governments must prioritize." |
| budgetary constraints | 预算限制 | 更正式的说法 |
| increase spending on | 增加对...的支出 | "The government should increase spending on renewable energy." |
| 词汇 | 含义 | 范文原句 |
|---|
| financial implications | 财政影响 | The financial implications of free universal education are immense. 📖 01 大学教育应该免费吗 |
| divert funds | 转移资金 | Governments would need to divert funds from other critical sectors. 📖 |
| unsustainable burden | 不可持续的负担 | This would place an unsustainable burden on public finances. 📖 |
| overconsumed and undervalued | 过度消费且不被珍惜 | When something is free, it tends to be overconsumed and undervalued. 📖 |
| 概念 | 英文表达 | 对比用法 |
|---|
| 应该优先 | should take precedence | "Basic needs should take precedence over luxury projects." |
| 同样重要 | equally important | "Cultural preservation is equally important as economic growth." |
| 更紧迫 | more pressing/urgent | "Poverty is a more pressing issue than space exploration." |
| 权衡取舍 | trade-off | "There is always a trade-off between short-term and long-term goals." |
| 英文表达 | 中文 | 用法 |
|---|
| yield returns | 产生回报 | "Education investment yields returns in the long run." |
| cost-effective | 有成本效益的 | "Prevention is more cost-effective than treatment." |
| short-term gains vs long-term benefits | 短期利益vs长期收益 | 讨论眼前vs未来的经典对比 |
| 基础词 | 高级替换 |
|---|
| government | authorities, the state, policymakers |
| help | assist, support, aid, facilitate |
| give money | fund, finance, subsidize, allocate resources |
| control | regulate, oversee, monitor |
| important | crucial, vital, essential, paramount |
| problem | issue, challenge, concern |
| ban | prohibit, outlaw, proscribe |
| limit | restrict, curb, constrain |
👆 点击查看答案
- targeted
- demonstrable
- disproportionately
- one-size-fits-all
- targeted
