| 项目 | 内容 |
|---|
| 题型 | Discuss Both Views（讨论类） |
| 话题 | 环境类/伦理类 - 动物权利 |
| 关键词 | animal testing, banned, cruel, medical progress |
| 考察能力 | 平衡伦理关怀与科学实用性 |
【开头段】
├── 背景：contentious issue in biomedical research
├── 让步：acknowledge suffering, support minimising
├── 立场：complete immediate ban would be premature
└── 预告：balanced approach needed
【主体段1 - 支持禁止】
├── 引出：Those who advocate...raise valid concerns
├── 伦理论点：sentient beings, cannot consent
├── 科学论点：species differences, not reliable
└── 后果：wasted lives, dangerous drugs
【主体段2 - 反对禁止】
├── 转折：However, proponents point to...
├── 证据：medical breakthroughs（具体列举）
├── 反驳替代方案：improving but cannot replicate complexity
└── 结论：necessary if regrettable
【主体段3 - 个人观点】
├── 立场：embrace the three Rs
├── 措施1：invest in alternatives
├── 措施2：restrict to essential research
├── 措施3：ensure highest welfare
├── 措施4：ban cosmetic testing
└── 总结：honour both obligations
【结尾段】
├── 承认：genuine ethical dilemma
├── 重申：strive to reduce but not blanket ban
└── 精彩结尾：make unnecessary vs pretend arrived
| 词汇/短语 | 含义 | 用法示例 |
|---|
| contentious issue | 争议性问题 | one of the most contentious issues |
| sentient beings | 有感知能力的生物 | animals are sentient beings |
| premature | 为时过早的 | a complete ban would be premature |
| translate to | 转化为，适用于 | results do not translate to humans |
| organoids | 类器官 | cell cultures and organoids |
| the three Rs | 3R原则 | Replace, Reduce, and Refine |
| ethically defensible | 在伦理上站得住脚的 | the most ethically defensible path |
| blanket ban | 全面禁止 | a blanket ban would impede progress |
| necessary if regrettable | 必要但令人遗憾的 | remains a necessary if regrettable step |
这些表达可以用于其他伦理争议话题：
| 原句 | 可迁移到 |
|---|
| "a genuine ethical dilemma with no easy answers" | 安乐死、堕胎、基因编辑等话题 |
| "raise valid concerns that deserve serious consideration" | 任何需要尊重对方的讨论 |
| "cannot yet fully replicate the complexity" | 技术替代传统方法的话题 |
| "necessary if regrettable" | 承认负面但仍支持的情况 |
| "honour both our obligations" | 平衡多方利益的话题 |
